Techniques of Integration •Substitution Rule •Integration by Parts •Trigonometric Integrals •Trigonometric Substitution •Integration of Rational Functions by Partial Fractions •Rationalizing Substitutions •The Continuous Functions Which Do not Have Elementary Anti-derivatives. ~ SCC Education

Techniques of Integration

•Substitution Rule

•Integration by Parts

•Trigonometric Integrals

•Trigonometric Substitution

•Integration of Rational Functions by Partial Fractions

•Rationalizing Substitutions

•The Continuous Functions Which Do not Have Elementary Anti-derivatives.

•Improper Integrals

Type I: Infinite Intervals

Type 2: Discontinuous Integrands

•Approximate Integration

Midpoint Rule

Trapezoidal Rule

Simpson’s Rule

Strategy for Integration

1. Using Table of Integration Formulas

2. Simplify the Integrand if Possible

Sometimes the use of algebraic manipulation or trigonometric identities will simplify the integrand and make the method of integration obvious.

3. Look for an Obvious Substitution

Try to find some function in the integrand whose differential also occurs, apart from a constant factor.

3. Classify the Integrand According to Its Form

Trigonometric functions, Rational functions, Radicals, Integration by parts.

4. Manipulate the integrand.

Algebraic manipulations (perhaps rationalizing the denominator or using trigonometric identities) may be useful in transforming the integral into an easier form.

5. Relate the problem to previous problems

When you have built up some experience in integration, you may be able to use a method on a given integral that is similar to a method you have already used on a previous integral. Or you may even be able to express the given integral in terms of a previous one.

6. Use several methods

Sometimes two or three methods are required to evaluate an integral. The evaluation could involve several successive substitutions of different types, or it might combine integration by parts with one or more substitutions.